Unifying by nullification, the first manner of union, corresponds to wisdom, as the inner psychological force of wisdom is selflessness.

Though this is apparently the highest level of unity, there is something "problematic" about it because it may bring about a total loss of self-definition. This is reminiscent of the type of shattering of the self that was the result of the overbearing authority of the kings of the World of Chaos (olam hatohu). Ultimately, G-d does not want us to totally lose our identities.

Meditation, called hitbonenut in Hebrew, comes from the same root as binah, understanding. In Chassidut, meditation is considered an analytic process by which the inner make-up of the object of meditation is revealed. In this case, the analysis is meant to reveal the inter-inclusive principle that unites the two opposites.

Mediation by a third party is related closely with the meaning of the letter vav in Hebrew, a “hook.” The third party acts like a hook that holds the two opposites together. Should the hook be removed, the two opposites will separate again. We mentioned above that unifying in this manner is the role of the tzadikim, of which there are 36 in every generation. Indeed, the value of the Hebrew letter vav is 6, and 6² = 36.

Related to hierarchy as a unifying principle is the Ba’al Shem Tov’s saying that a community without a leader will eventually be led by the Satan. The rectified leader (like King David) is one who shuns leadership and would rather have someone else at the top of the hierarchy.¹ Clearly, the role of hierarchy and leadership is the essence of the sefirah of kingdom.

Conclusion

Love: the Super-conscious Manner of Unification

Above these four manners of unification, there lies an essential, not always conscious love, without  which none of them could possibly work. This love, whose source lies deep within the super-conscious realm of the soul, corresponds with unity at the level of the sefirah of crown, the level of super-consciousness.